Monasterios
2 МИН
Influenciados por la arquitectura bizantina, románica y barroca, los monasterios serbios son estilísticamente diversos y muy conocidos por su destacado arte religioso. De hecho, aquí se pueden admirar algunos de los frescos medievales más exquisitos, pintados en estilo bizantino.
Dado que la creación de estos monasterios estuvo inseparablemente ligada al surgimiento del Estado serbio, los gobernantes serbios medievales no escatimaron gastos al erigir estos majestuosos edificios, en los que eran tanto coronados como sepultados.
En la Edad Media, la Iglesia fue el centro de la espiritualidad y la cultura en la mayoría de los países europeos. Por ello, los monasterios serbios pronto se desarrollaron como importantes centros de educación y cultura. A lo largo de los períodos más difíciles y oscuros, los monasterios serbios fueron los guardianes de la identidad nacional del pueblo serbio.
Serbia cuenta con más de doscientos monasterios, de los cuales 54 han sido declarados monumentos culturales, mientras que varios santuarios medievales serbios gozan de protección internacional. Así, la Lista del Patrimonio Mundial de la UNESCO incluye Stari Ras con Sopoćani, el monasterio de Studenica y los monasterios medievales serbios de Dečani, Gračanica, el Patriarcado de Peć y Nuestra Señora de Ljeviš en Kosovo y Metohija.
Monasteries of Fruška Gora
On the slopes of Fruška Gora mountain, there are as many as 17 medieval monasteries. This mountain became the mainstay of Serbian cultural revival during the Ottoman rule, when oppression forced the centre of spirituality to move north to what was then Austria-Hungary.
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Monasteries of Kosovo and Metohija
In the 14th Century, the region of Kosovo and Metohija was the political and spiritual heart of medieval Serbia. It was at this time that Serbian King Milutin erected more than 40 monasteries in a relatively small area, hiring only the best Byzantine building masters. Influences of Byzantine art are visible both in architecture and inside the churches, on the frescoes which have been the object of admiration of visitors and art connoisseurs for centuries. Some of the frescoes found here are not just masterpieces of Serbian fresco painting – they are unrivalled on an international scale.
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Monasteries of Moravian Serbia
In the late 14th and early 15th Centuries, numerous monasteries sprung up all over the principality of Prince Lazar and his son Despot Stefan, during a period which saw the country’s culture thrive.
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Monasteries of the Ovčar-Kablar Region
Nestled on the steep slopes of Ovčar and Kablar mountains lies a unique community of monasteries built in the 14th and 15th centuries.The monasteries were built by monks and builders who sought refuge in this inhospitable gorge, as they retreated from the invading Ottoman Turkish forces.
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Other Monasteries
The great diversity of building styles and architecture found in the medieval monasteries scattered all over Serbia demonstrates the various influences on its architecture and art, as well as on the Serbian state.
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Valley of the Kings
In the valley of the river Ibar, between the cities of Kraljevo and Novi Pazar, lies a group of medieval monasteries built in the 12th and 13th Centuries. In what was then the fledgling Serbian state of Raška, rulers of the Nemanjić dynasty erected several monumental churches as their endowments, thus setting off a tradition of pious endowments that has continued into the present day. Built in an authentic style – a fusion of Byzantine architecture and Romanesque decoration – and adorned with some of the most beautiful medieval frescoes, the monasteries in the “Valley of the Kings” are an invaluable contribution to the world’s cultural heritage.
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